Federico Kroupensky 
Strategies to Mitigate Currency Risks in the Global Marketplace International business transactions have become an essential part of the global economy, enabling businesses to expand their market reach and diversify their customer base. However, with the benefits of global trade come significant challenges, particularly when it comes to managing currency risks. Currency fluctuations can have … Read more
The wine industry has been undergoing significant changes in recent years, driven in part by the rise of e-commerce. According to a recent report, the global wine e-commerce market is expected to grow by $12.06 billion during the period of 2023-2027. This growth is driven by the increasing adoption of e-commerce and the growing popularity … Read more
In December 2020, the European Union, together with 17 other countries, including the United States, Canada, Japan, and Australia, adopted a new Code of Conduct on Export Controls and Human Rights (ECHRI). The ECHRI Code of Conduct aims to balance national security concerns with the protection of human rights in the context of international trade. … Read more
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Arbitration Rules are widely recognized as one of the most effective and reliable means of resolving commercial disputes arising from international business transactions. These rules govern the proceedings of the arbitration process and are designed to provide a fair and efficient resolution of disputes between parties from different countries. In … Read more
Commodities trading is a complex process that involves various steps to ensure a successful transaction between the buyer and the seller. In this article, we will provide a step-by-step guide to the sale process in commodities trading, using a typical procedure as an example. Step 1: Buyer Issues an LOI The first step in the … Read more
Yellow corn is a versatile crop that plays an important role in global trade as both animal feed and a source of human food products. The economics of yellow corn trade is a complex system influenced by various factors including production and consumption trends, trade policies, global economic factors, and the distinction between genetically modified … Read more
Farming has been an essential human activity since the dawn of civilization, but the way we farm has changed dramatically over time. In the past, farming was a manual and labor-intensive process, but today, technology has transformed the way we grow crops and raise livestock. One of the most exciting developments in modern agriculture is … Read more
In this article, we will explore the most commonly used abbreviations in international trade, providing you with a thorough understanding of the terms and their implications. Each abbreviation will be concisely explained in one or two paragraphs, giving you a clear and accessible resource for navigating the complex world of global commerce. Read on to … Read more
In international trade, an Irrevocable Master Fee Protection Agreement (IMFPA) is a legal document that outlines the fees and commissions payable to intermediaries, such as brokers and agents, for their role in facilitating a transaction. The IMFPA is a binding agreement between the parties involved in the transaction, and it is typically used in large-scale … Read more
A Standby Letter of Credit (SBLC) is a financial instrument that provides a guarantee to a beneficiary that payment will be made by the issuing bank in the event that the applicant fails to fulfill their contractual obligations. SBLCs are commonly used in international trade transactions and can help to mitigate the risks associated with … Read more